CANDID, Peter - b. ~1548 Brugge, d. 1628 München - WGA

CANDID, Peter

(b. ~1548 Brugge, d. 1628 München)

Flemish painter (originally Pieter de Witte), tapestry designer and draughtsman, active in Italy and Germany. He was one of several Italian-trained Mannerist artists employed by the courts of Europe and was the leading figure in Munich from 1600 to 1628. His versatility led Sandrart to describe him as a ‘universal painter’.

When he was about ten years old he emigrated to Florence with his parents - his father, Pieter de Witte (active c. 1547-62), being a tapestry weaver who found employment in the Medici tapestry factory founded in 1546. Between 1572 and 1573 he worked with Giorgio Vasari on the frescoes of the Sala Regia in the Vatican. He also painted a number of large, grand altarpieces in Volterra.

The family name later changed to Candido, but the son was usually called Candid north of the Alps, where he returned in 1586. Very little is known about him as a person, and there is no portrait of him. He married and had five children, including a son Wilhelm (active 1613-25), who was a painter though he later (1625) became a court Silberdiener, and a daughter who married the engraver Filips Sadeler in 1624.

Adoration of the Shepherds
Adoration of the Shepherds by

Adoration of the Shepherds

Peter Candid lived his long life in two great centres of art, in Florence and Munich. In both places he worked in the company of numerous Netherlandish artists, thus his links to Netherlandish traditions were kept alive.

The present compositional draft for an altar painting is indicative of the duality in his art. The executed altar painting is lost but an engraving by Lucas Kilian has preserved the composition.

Allegory of Vanity
Allegory of Vanity by

Allegory of Vanity

The painting represents a Janus-faced woman with a mirror around which winds a snake.

Candid was one of several Italian-trained Mannerist artists employed by the courts of Europe and was the leading figure in Munich from 1600 to 1628. His versatility led Sandrart to describe him as a ‘universal painter’. For the Duke and Elector Maximilian, Candid frescoed numerous buildings in Munich, including the Residenz and Schleissheim Palace.

Female head
Female head by

Female head

Candid drew this female head for a composition unknown to us. It shows the influence of Bronzino’s female head type.

St Margaret of Antioch
St Margaret of Antioch by

St Margaret of Antioch

This panel depicting St Margaret of Antioch was painted while Candid was living in Florence, and it shows the strong influence of Vasari. According to legend, St Margaret was cast into prison by the governor or Antioch and was swallowed whole by the devil in the form of a dragon. Armed with a cross, she pierced its belly and split the monster open, allowing her to walk free. She was eventually beheaded.

The painting had a companion piece representing St Catherine of Alexandria whose cult was often linked to that of St Margaret’s.

Virgin and Child
Virgin and Child by

Virgin and Child

The crescent moon under the Madonna’s feet is a traditional symbol which represents her chastity.

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