SOLDANI BENZI, Massimiliano - b. 1656 Firenze, d. 1740 Montevarchi - WGA

SOLDANI BENZI, Massimiliano

(b. 1656 Firenze, d. 1740 Montevarchi)

Italian sculptor, medalist. Born to an aristocratic cavalry captain from Tuscany, he enjoyed Medici patronage. The finest bronze caster in Europe in the late 1600s, he was reported to have made sculptures as a child based on models from the della Robbia workshop. He entered the orbit of the Medicis at nineteen, when he attended their drawing school in Florence. Taken with his work, Grand Duke Cosimo III de’ Medici sent Soldani Benzi to Rome to further his artistic education and in particular to learn coin-making. His study at the Florentine Academy in Rome under Ferrata brought him into contact with the circle of Queen Christina of Sweden and foreign artists such as his exact contemporary the Austrian architect Johann Bernhard Fischer von Erlach (1656-1723). During his four years in Rome, Soldani Benzi’s medallion portraits attracted the attention of the abdicated Queen of Sweden, but Cosimo prohibited him from accepting her commissions.

His Roman stay was followed by a brief period of study of coinage in Paris where Soldani impressed the court with a medallion portrait of Louis XIV. He returned to Florence, where he was made director of the Granducal Mint which he directed for forty years from 1688. He maintained contacts abroad through numerous commissions for reliefs, decorative objects and replicas of antique sculptures. About 1690, he began also working with gold.

Soldani Benzi brought the finesse of a medalist to all his works and created some of the most exquisitely modelled and chased bronzes of the period. His workshop, in which he sometimes employed over ten assistants, was located in Florence on the ground floor of the Galleria degli Uffizi.

Bacchus
Bacchus by

Bacchus

Soldani Benzi executed this statue after Michelangelo’s marble Bacchus in the Bargello.

Bacchus (detail)
Bacchus (detail) by

Bacchus (detail)

Bust of Agrippa
Bust of Agrippa by

Bust of Agrippa

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Augustus
Bust of Augustus by

Bust of Augustus

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Cicero
Bust of Cicero by

Bust of Cicero

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Faustina the Younger
Bust of Faustina the Younger by

Bust of Faustina the Younger

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Hadrian
Bust of Hadrian by

Bust of Hadrian

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Marcus Aurelius as a Boy
Bust of Marcus Aurelius as a Boy by

Bust of Marcus Aurelius as a Boy

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of twelve.

Bust of Seneca
Bust of Seneca by

Bust of Seneca

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of Vitellius
Bust of Vitellius by

Bust of Vitellius

Soldani Benzi executed a series of nine, and then a series of twelve bronze casts of antique marble busts of Roman emperors, philosophers and famous women as decoration for the Liechtenstein princely palaces. The bust shown on the picture belongs to the series of nine.

The name is inscribed on the cartouche on the socle.

Bust of the Anima Beata
Bust of the Anima Beata by

Bust of the Anima Beata

The Anima Beata and Anima Dannata are two marble busts by Gianlorenzo Bernini, dated 1619, representing the redeemed and the condemned soul. Soldani Benzi’s bronze casts are based on Bernini’s works.

Bust of the Anima Dannata
Bust of the Anima Dannata by

Bust of the Anima Dannata

The Anima Beata and Anima Dannata are two marble busts by Gianlorenzo Bernini, dated 1619, representing the redeemed and the condemned soul. Soldani Benzi’s bronze casts are based on Bernini’s works.

Child Bacchante Clipping Cupid's Wings
Child Bacchante Clipping Cupid's Wings by

Child Bacchante Clipping Cupid's Wings

Christ on the Mount of Olives
Christ on the Mount of Olives by

Christ on the Mount of Olives

The unusual iconography of this bronze relief is not based on the Gospel: Christ, praying throughout the night on the Mount of Olives, faints into the arms of two angels.

Death of St Francis Xavier
Death of St Francis Xavier by

Death of St Francis Xavier

Soldani Benzi brought the finesse of a medalist to all his works. Even a relatively early work like the Death of St Francis Xavier reveals a perfect command of the High Baroque idiom in its adaptation of Cafà’s St Rose of Lima.

Diana and Callisto
Diana and Callisto by

Diana and Callisto

The principal literary source for this sculpture is Ovid’s Metamorphoses, the most popular work of classical literature in the Italian Renaissance.

Diana’s nymphs were expected to be as chaste as the goddess herself. One of them, Callisto, was seduced by Jupiter who first disguised himself as Diana in order to gain the nymphs presence. In Diana and Callisto, the unfortunate Callisto is shown being stripped by her companions at the command of the chaste goddess Diana to reveal her pregnancy.

Ewer with Amphitrite and a Nereid
Ewer with Amphitrite and a Nereid by

Ewer with Amphitrite and a Nereid

Soldani’s decorative ewers are peerless in their fusion of abstract and more naturalistic forms. Ewers of this sort had no practical function and were descended from the silver and gold vases displayed on sixteenth-century buffets. The shape of Soldani’s ewers is dictated by a heady combination of naturalistic forms, in this case Amphitrite with a Nereid, dolphins and other marine attendants (as well as some stray fauns). This figural profusion is matched by the exceptional delicacy of the surface finish which helped to create one of the supreme achievements of late Baroque decorative art.

Medici Venus
Medici Venus by

Medici Venus

This is a bronze copy of a marble figure, which is a second-century copy of a bronze original from the first century BC. The marble statue was rediscovered in Rome in the 1530s, and was transferred to Florence to the Medici collection. It was set up in the Tribuna of the Uffizi Gallery.

Peace Embraces Justice
Peace Embraces Justice by

Peace Embraces Justice

The companion-piece of this relief is Time Reveals the Truth.

Reliquary of St Alexius
Reliquary of St Alexius by

Reliquary of St Alexius

The elaborate structure of the reliquary was inspired by the story of St Alexius, who fled his home the day of his wedding, then took a vote of chastity; he later returned to his father’s abode to take refuge, but died under a staircase. The frame and other elements of gilded copper were made by Pietro Motti (active in Florence, 1690-1697).

The Judgment of Paris
The Judgment of Paris by

The Judgment of Paris

The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter
The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter by

The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter

This bronze statue belongs to the twelve sculptures that electress palatine Anna Maria Luisa de’ Medici commissioned from various Florentine sculptors between 1722 and 1725 for her apartment in Palazzo Pitti, Florence. Soldani Benzi made a wax model of the composition in 1725 and the present version was cast later in 1730-37.

Jephthah led the Israelites in battle against Ammon and, after defeating the Ammonites, fulfilled a rash vow of his, by sacrificing his daughter.

The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter (detail)
The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter (detail) by

The Sacrifice of Jephthah's Daughter (detail)

Unlike painted treatment of the subject, in which the protagonists are surrounded by soldiers and other figures, Soldani Benzi’s focuses on the basic elements of the story.

Time Reveals the Truth
Time Reveals the Truth by

Time Reveals the Truth

The companion-piece of this relief is Peace Embraces Justice.

Triumph of Virtue over Vice
Triumph of Virtue over Vice by

Triumph of Virtue over Vice

This statue was made after Giambologna’s marble in the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence, which was designed for the wedding of Francesco de’ Medici as a companion piece to Michelangelo’s Victory.

Vase
Vase by

Vase

This vase of black touchstone (black marble of Belgium) is one of a group of four, made for Grand Prince Ferdinando between 1689 and 1693. The handles are formed by a putto cast in bronze and gilded, which embraces a swan made of a plate of silver. The elegant naturalism of the foliage on the top of the urn and at the four corners of the base is typical of Soldani Benzi’s style.

Vase (detail)
Vase (detail) by

Vase (detail)

The handles are formed by a putto cast in bronze and gilded, which embraces a swan made of a plate of silver.

Feedback